Controller: the motion and integration hub
A robot controller interprets programs and commands the robot’s drives and axes. Depending on the platform, it can also exchange signals with a PLC, vision system, safety equipment, gripper or line-control system. The controller’s supported interfaces and options are model-specific.
When a quotation names a controller family, check included hardware, software licences, fieldbus options, safety interfaces, programming support and update policy. Confirm that required functions are part of the quoted configuration.
Teach pendant and engineering tools
A teach pendant or equivalent interface lets authorised users jog the robot, teach positions and operate programs according to the manufacturer’s workflow. Engineering software may support programming, simulation, backups, diagnostics or offline cell design. Some functions may require licences, options or training.
The important buyer question is not the interface’s marketing label. Ask whether your integrator and maintenance team can use it, access backups, change programs and recover from foreseeable faults.
Check software access before ordering
Request a current programming and communication manual, software version details and a list of licensed functions. Test the interfaces needed by the cell, and document who can make changes after commissioning. Confirm how program backups, user permissions and support are handled.
For an export project, clarify language support and remote diagnostics, plus any restrictions on network access or data exchange. These practical details influence serviceability across the life of the cell.
- Controller and software versions included
- Required interfaces and paid options
- Programming language, training and documentation
- Backup, access control and support process
Is robot programming software always included with the arm?
The included tools and licences vary by supplier, model and quotation. Ask for the exact software list and confirm the functions required for your application.
Does the teach pendant replace a PLC?
Not necessarily. Robot controllers and PLCs often have different roles in a cell. Define which device coordinates the wider process and how the systems exchange signals.
Sources and further reading
- ABB IRC5 Controller Overview — Manufacturer example of controller options and integrated robot functions.
- ABB Integrated Vision Application Manual — Example of robot and vision coordinate-system integration.
Technical descriptions link to published sources. Specifications can change; verify the current documentation before purchase.